How do we change direct speech into indirect speech ?

When we change Direct Speech into Indirect Speech, it is necessary to:

1.     Change all Present and Future Tenses in the Direct Speech into the Past Tenses in the Indirect Speech when the main verb (e.g., said, told) is in the Past Tense.

2.     Change the pronoun from first person and second person to third person.

3.     Sometimes we use more than one "speech" verb if the direct speech contains more than one sentence.

4.     In most cases, we do not change the tense of the verbs in the indirect speech when the reporting verb is in the simple present tense (he says), the present perfect tense (she has told us) or the simple future tense (I will tell him).

5.     We do not change the tense of verbs in indirect speech if they make a statement which is always true or if the action is still continuing and a change of tense would give the wrong meaning.

6.     Changes made when converting Direct to Indirect Speech :

·        The following changes are made when we convert direct to indirect speech

·        The pronoun is changed in person from first and second to third

·        Changes are made to the following adjectives and adverbs